[EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS AND CERVICAL CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AND THE KALININGRAD REGION].

In the context of improving cancer prevention programs, it becomes relevant to justify the introduction of regional HPV cervical cancer screening programs based on a study of the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer. Aim: to identify the main patterns of the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer in Bashkortostan and the Kaliningrad region for the scientific substantiation of the criteria for the adoption of regional screening programs. A prospective analytical cohort single-stage observational examination of 3428 women of the Republic of Bashkortostan and 1246 women of the Kaliningrad region was carried out, as well as a retrospective observational analytical study of cervical cancer incidence in Bashkiria and the Kaliningrad region according to the official statistics from 2011 to 2020 compared to Russian indicators. In Bashkortostan and the Kaliningrad region, HPV DNA was detected in 48.7% and 54.2% of women of reproductive age, respectively, of which HPV of high oncogenic risk (HPV HR) was 51.7 ± 6.2%, and 23.4% were found to have PCM . In the Kaliningrad region, HPV DNA was detected in 47.2% of the women under study, HPV VR - 31.1%, in 25.5% accompanied by cervix uteri diseases. An increase in the incidence is noted in the Kaliningrad region by 38.6% over 10 years, with an annual increase of 3.8%. In Bashkortostan, the growth is demonstrated by 31.8% with an annual increase of 3%, which is significantly higher than in the Russian Federation (13.3%, р=0.001). For 10 years, the prevalence of cervical cancer has increased in the Kaliningrad region by 10.1%, with an average annual increase of 1.1%. In Bashkortostan, the prevalence of CSM increased by 4.7% with an annual increase of 0.3%. The high prevalence of HPV infection among women of reproductive age, the unfavorable dynamics of indicators of cervical HPV-associated oncopathology in remote regions of the Russian Federation (Bashkiria and the Kaliningrad region) is a scientifically based criterion for the reorganization of regional cervical screening programs. The implementation of Organized screening with primary HPV examination with mandatory separate genotyping of types 16 and 18 and the remaining 12 types of HPV HRC in a complex will enhance the effectiveness of ongoing preventive measures and meet international standards.

[Organization of treatment and diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Udmurtiia]. / Organizatsiia lechebno-diagnosticheskoi pomoshchi pri GLPS v Udmurtii.

The paper presents basic parameters that characterize the status of prevention, treatment, diagnosis, and rehabilitation in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The data from the epidemiological surveillance in the republic indicate the poor epidemic situation: with decreased immunization there are rises in morbidity and viral infection from the main source bank voles. The paper suggests possible ways of improving preventive measures. The mechanism of improvement of health care to patients with HFRS is clinically considered. At the same it is recommended that comparative indices in specialized infection hospitals and in the infection units of central district hospitals should be taken into account while analyzing the medical and diagnostic aid to HFRS patients. Comparison of the above criteria for assessing the quality of diagnosis and treatment in different infection units revealed great differences. This paper presents some experience in organizing preventive, therapeutical, and diagnostic work in case of an Udmurtian active natural focus of HFRS.